[Writing Part 1] Line graph

그래프 특징

* 선으로 표기되어 있는 그래프 유형

* 특정 기간 및 카테고리가 주어짐 - 시간의 흐름에 따라 변화를 분석하는 그래프 유형

* 변화 표현 활용 필수

* (1) 카테고리, (2) 연도, (3) 단위 확인 후 연도 순서대로 분석

 

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task:

The graph below shows the production levels of the main kinds of fuel in the UK between 1981 and 2000.

Summarize the formation by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

You should write at least 150 words.

출처: https://ieltsonlinetests.com/

(1) 카테고리 : Petroleum, Natural gas, Coal (홀수이니까 분량 생각해서 두개로 나누기)

Petroleum, Natural gas - (i), Coal - (ii)

(2) 연도 : 1981~2000 (변화 기준으로 잘라서 설명하기 시제는 다 과거로 쓰기.)

(3) 단위 : 1 energy unit -> 셀수있는 명사이므로 the number of ~unit를 써야 함. 

 

Introduction - 문제 paraphrasing 
The given +유형(table/chart/graph/diagram)+show/illustrates/indicates/represents/gives+목적어(how절/명사구 중 문제에서 안 쓴 표현)
*gives를 shows의 동의어로 처리했다면 뒤는 Information on / data on을 붙여준다.

e.g. The line graph shows the percentage of A in different cities from 1999 to 2005

> how 절 사용 : how S+V (be p.p)

=The given graph illustrates how the percentage of A had changed in different cities from 1999 to 2005.

The graph below shows the production levels of the main kinds of fuel in the UK between 1981 and 2000.

The given graph illustrates how many main fuels were producted in the UK from 1981 to 2000.

The given graph gives information on the production levels of the main types of fuel in the UK from 1981 to 2000.

 

2) Overview - 그래프의 패턴 언급

overview 시작할 때의 구문

* overall, ~ (필수)

* It is clearly seen that~

* It is clearly shown that~ 

-> Line graph는 그래프의 패턴을 볼 수 있으므로 전반적인 패턴을 언급!

 

*an upward trend : 상승세 - 전체적인 그래프 패턴이 상승하는 모양일 때

a downward trend : 하락세 - 전체적인 그래프 패턴이 하락하는 모양일 때

a fluctuation / fluctuate : 그래프 패턴에 변화가 많을 때

 

e.g.

Overall, it is clearly seen that the figure for Fish and Chips showed a downward trend, while an upward trend was indicated in the figures for Pizza and Hanburgers. 

Overall, it is clearly seen that the figure for Natural gas showed an upward trend, while a downward trend was indicated in the figures for Petrolem and Coal.

 

*A, while B -> 반대의 개념

A while B -> 동시에

 

 

3) Detail 1, 2 - 그래프 수치 분석

비슷한 패턴을 가진 카테고리끼리 묶거나, 변동이 많은 / 적은 카테고리 끼리 묶어서 문단을 구성

 

연결어구 사용

Detail 시작 시	언급하는 카테고리를 변경할 때	대조되는 카테고리를 언급할 때	시간 변화 언급	비슷한 내용
D1: In detail,  D2: Turning to the figure for 카테고리,	In the case of~, Regarding~, With regard to~, Considering~, In terms of~,	On the contrary, In contrast,  By contrast,  However 또는 but은 데이터 분석에 쓰지 X	Then,  After that,  Afterwards,	Similarly, Likewise,

 

*Useful expressions

구문 표현	the figure for 카테고리 / the consumption of 카테고리
상승/하락 표현	동사 + 부사 / 형용사 + 명사
수치 언급 전치사	1) at 수치 2) (동사)  by 변화폭 :~만큼 / from 처음 수치 to 도달 수치 3) (명사) of 변화폭 :~만큼 4) to 도달수치
시간 언급 전치사	1) in 연도 2) from 연도 to 연도 / between 연도 and 연도 3) until 연도
대략 / 약 (수치)	1) approximately 수치 2) about, around 수치 3) just above / just below (under) 수치 4) nearly, roughly 수치

 

Detail 1 writing

In detail, in 1975, Australian teenagers had eaten Fish and Chips for 100 times, and the figure decreased to approximately 82 times. In the next five years, a gradual growth was shown in the figure for Fish and Chips which then went down by around 50 times in the final year. 

In detail, in 1981, UK had producced Coal for 80 units, and the figure steeply decreased from 1983 to 1984. In the next 2 years, a gradual rise was shown in the figure for Coal, which than went down by 30 Energy Units in the final year. 

출처: https://ieltsonlinetests.com/

 

Detail 2 writing

Turning to the figure for hamburgers, it rose steeply from 1975 to 1985, after which it plateaued until 2000. The most eaten fast food by Australian teenagers in 2000 was hamburgers. In the case of pizza, the figure showed the lowest comsumption in 1975, at less then 10 times eaten per year. It climbed significantly in the subsequent 20 years, reaching approximately 84 times in 1995. After that, the figure for pizza remained stable in the final year. 

 

 

Turning to the figure for Petroleum, in 1981, the UK produced 90 energy units of petroleum. The production level increased steadily until 1984, reaching 140 Energy Units. Afterwards, it plateaued and then gradually decreased from 1987 to 1990. Subsequently, it rose by nearly 40 Enery units in the final year.

Likewise, the production level of Natual gas stayed constant between 1981 and 1990, after which there was a gradual climb of nearly 40 Energy Units. 

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다음은 제시해 주신 문장을 더 자연스럽고 정확하게 수정한 것입니다.

수정된 문장:

Turning to the figure for petroleum, in 1981, the UK produced 90 energy units of petroleum. The production level increased steadily until 1984, reaching 140 energy units. Afterwards, it plateaued and then gradually decreased from 1987 to 1990. Subsequently, it rose by nearly 40 energy units in the final year.

Likewise, the production level of natural gas remained constant between 1981 and 1990, after which there was a gradual climb of nearly 40 energy units.

상세한 수정 사항:

1. "Turning to the figure for Petroleum, in 1981, UK had produced Petroluem 90 Energy Units"
   • 더 자연스럽게 수정: "Turning to the figure for petroleum, in 1981, the UK produced 90 energy units of petroleum."
2. "which after production level increased until 1984 by 140 Energy Units"
   • 문법 및 명확성 개선: "The production level increased steadily until 1984, reaching 140 energy units."
3. "Afterwards, they reached a pleateu, and then gradually decreased from 1987 to 1990"
   • "pleateu" 철자 수정 및 문법 개선: "Afterwards, it plateaued and then gradually decreased from 1987 to 1990."
4. "Then, they went up by nearly 40 Enery units in the final year"
   • 주어 일치 및 명확성 개선: "Subsequently, it rose by nearly 40 energy units in the final year."
5. "Likewise, the number of production level of Natual gas stayed constant between 1981 and 1990"
   • "number of production level" 대신 "production level"로 간결하게 수정, 철자 오류 수정: "Likewise, the production level of natural gas remained constant between 1981 and 1990."
6. "which after there was a gradual climb of nearly 40 Energy Units"
   • 문법 및 명확성 개선: "after which there was a gradual climb of nearly 40 energy units."

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Sample report

The given line graph illustrates how much and what type of fast food that Australian teenagers had eaten for 25 years between 1975 and 2000.

 

Overall, a downward tread was indicated in the figure for Fish and Chips over the given period, while the figures for Pizza and Hamburgers showed an upward trend.

 

In detail, in 1975, Australian teenagers had eaten Fish and Chips for 100 times, and the figure decreased to approximately 82 times. In the next 5 years, a gradual growth was shown in the figure for Fish and Chips which then went down by around 50 times in the final year. 

 

Turning to the figure for Hamburgers, it started at about 10 times in the first year, which increased rapidly to just over 80 times until 1985. After that, there was a steady rise of approximately 20 times by 2000. Similarly, the figure for Pizza was just under 10 times which then steeply increased to just over 80 times in 1995. There was no change in the figure from 1995 to 2000.

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